A novel geometry of polarization and frequency reconfigurable antenna is proposed in this paper. Proposed antenna consists of an L shaped patch antenna, where arms are separated using PIN-diode. Two parasitic elements, shorted back element and edge tapered defected ground structure with slot are used for achieving wide impedance and axial ratio bandwidth. It acts as circular polarized antenna with 1.183 GHz axial ratio band width and 3.09 GHz impedance bandwidth in ON state of both diodes and act as linear polarized frequency reconfigurable antenna at remaining states of diodes. Proposed antenna can be used in C band wireless applications like RADAR, satellite communication etc.

Some parasites are innocuous or even beneficial to mammalian hosts. The gastrointestinal helminths modulate several important intestinal functions such as immunomodulation. . . .

Background: Eosinophils dysregulate immune responses associated with malignancies, allergic and parasitic diseases especially helminthic infections, though it is infrequently observed with protozoan diseases. Objective: The aim of the present study was to evaluate and compare the percentage of eosinophils in different parasitic diseases at Baqiyatallah Hospital, Tehran, Iran. Materials and Methods: One hundred and 72 samples were obtained from 74 and 98 patients with helminthic and protozoan diseases respectively and evaluated. Direct wet mount and formalin ether concentration were used for intestinal parasites identification. Scotch tape test and serological methods were utilized for diagnosis of Enterobius vermicularis and tissue parasites respectively. Eosinophils were counted and six or more percentages were considered as eosinophilia. Results: In general, in 34 out of 74 helminthic infections (45. 9%) and 5 out of 98 protozoan infections (5. 1%), an eosinophil level equal or more than 6% was observed. The rate of eosinophilia in helminthic infections were 13/18 (72. 2%), 7/11 (63. 6%), 3/10 (30%), 2/3 (66. 7%), 1/9 (11. 11%), 5/13 (38. 5%), 3/4 (75%) in the patients with fasciolosis, strongyloidiasis, hymenolepiasis, hookworm infection, enterobiasis, echinococcosis, and trichostrongyliasis, respectively. Concerning the protozoan infections, 3/26(11. 5%) and 2/20(10%) of the individuals suffering from giardiasis and blastocystosis showed an eosinophil level higher than normal range, respectively. Conclusion: As expected, helminthic infections especially fasciolosis and strongyloidiasis were the most important infections correlated with eosinophilia. According to available reports, eosinophilia higher than normal range in giardiasis and blastocystosis is not unexpected.

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the most important cause of disability and death in the world. Many factors are involved in the development of CVDs, including hypertension, hyperlipidemia, overweight and obesity, smoking, diabetes, insufficient physical activity, and an improper diet. 1, 2 Interestingly, in addition to non-infectious causes, a series of bacteria, fungi, parasites, and viruses are known to cause various types of heart complications. 3 Occasionally, parasitic infections may affect the cardiovascular system and cause diseases such as coronary artery disease, stroke, and chronic granulomatous disease. Unfortunately, there is not much information about the role of parasites in causing heart diseases in developing and even developed countries.

A 19-year-old woman presented to our outpatient clinic with localized left upper quadrant (LUQ) pain since 5 months earlier. Intermittent attacks of abdominal pain that progressed to a constant pain and eventually led to shortness of breath were reported.....